Electric welding with magnetic stabilization



Feb. 6, 1934. R. SARAZIN ELECTRIC WELDING WITH MAGNETIC STABILIZATION Filed Dec. 17, 1930 Patented Feb. 6, 1934 UNITED STATES ELECTRIC WELDING wr'rn MAGNETIC STABILIZATION Robert Sarazln, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France Application December 11, 1930, Serial No. 503,015,

- and in France December 24, 1929 2 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in electric welding apparatus of that type in which a magnetic field is employed, provided by a helix wound around the electrodes, to project the welding current in a beam upon in a concentrated arc, such as is usually employed for the purpose, The invention has for its object the provision of a mounting for the electrode that operates to feed the electrode to the work as it is used in the welding. The mechanism constituting the mounting is described in detail hereinafter, pointed out in the appended claims and illustrated by the accompanying drawing.

In the drawingjin which similar reference characters designates corresponding parts.

Figure 1 is a vertical section of an electrode mounting embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic view illustrating means for automatically feeding the electrode, and also means for supplying gas to enhance the combustion.

Figure 3 is a similar view, illustrating the device as embodied in a hand tool. v

Referring to Figure 1, the pencil 1 of graphite, or other suitable material, is mounted in the inner tube 23, with the upper end of the pencil engaging the lower end of the rack-bar 33. The lower part of the pencil extends through the split chuck 24 threaded in the lower end of the tube 23. The upper end of the tube 23 slidably extends through the cap 26 threaded in the upper end of the intermediate tube 25. Interposed between the cap and a collar on the tube 23 is the spring 2'1 normally tending to thrust the inner tube 23 downward within the intermediate tube 25. Threaded in the lower end of the intermediate tube 25 is the nipple 28 through which loosely extends the lower end of the pencil 1. Opposite faces of the nipple and chuck are conically shaped so that when the two are forced together by the spring 27 the jaws of the chuck are clamped on the pencil. The play of the tube 23 within the tube 25 is limited by the engagement of the chuck and nipple at one end and the spring 2'? at the other end. The operation of the chuck is such as to permit a downward movement of the pencil, but will prevent a movement in the opposite direction.

The intermediate tube 25 slides with slight frictional contact within the outer tube 29 fixed within the housing 30. On the upper end of the outer tube 29 is the spring 31 interposed between the fiange of the cap 26 and a fixed part of the housing, this spring tending to lift the the work, and not.

intermediate tube 25, the latter carrylng with it the inner tube 23. The several tubes are enclosed by the housing 30, in which is also mounted the coil 35 for producing the. magnetic field. The tubes are of magnetic material, but the chuck 24 is of non-magnetic material, such as copper. Mounted on the lower end of the housing is a ring 36 of refractory material to confine the magnetic flux to the work. The circuit for the electric current employed is well known in the art, such as is disclosed in the patent to Cadwell, 1,300,117 of April 8, 1919. The housing is provided with a cooling jacket 56 to prevent overheating.

The means for automatically actuating the (0 pencil 1 is diagrammatically shown in Figure 2. As previously pointed out, the upper end of the pencil is seated in the lower end of the rackbar 33. This rack-bar engages the pinion 34 fixed on the shaft 16, the bar being held against the pinion by the idler 15. The shaft 16 is rotated by the disk 22 fixed thereon. Mounted on opposite sides of the disk are the rotatable magnets 19 and 20 driven in opposite directions by the electrically controlled motor 21. The shaft is rotated in one direction or the other accordingly as either of the magnets engages the disc 22. The motor and its control are disclosed in my Patent No. 1,866,675 of July 12, 1932.

As shown in Figure 2, the tube 2 corresponds to the tube 23 of Figure 1, and the refractory nipple 7 corresponds to the nipple 23. The magnetic flux 4 of Figure 2 diverges toward the work 6, but in Figure l the refractory ring 36 would restrict the divergence of the flux toward the work 32. It is to be noted that in both views there is a passage extending along the pencil from the interior of the tube (2 or 23) through the nipple so that gas forced into the tube will be directed into the arc; the gas may be of a nature to augment the combustion, or it may be inert to exclude outside air. As shown in Fig. 2, gas is charged into the tube 2 through the pipe 14, the tube 23 of Fig. 1 may be provided with a similar pipe to supply gas. As shown in Fig. 2, a connection 13 with the tube 2 supplies the reducing current, a similar connection also being made with the tube 23 of Fig. 1. p

In the operation, after the device is positioned with relation to the work and the current supplied, the motor is set in motion to rotate the shaft 16 so that the drive of the pinion 34 forces the rack-bar 33 downward to produce a like movement of the pencil 1 to impinge on the work.

As it has been previously pointed out, the operation of the chuck 24 is such as to permit the downward feed of the pencil, but upward movement is prevented. As the pencil impinges on the work the arc is established; the circuit having been closed at the point of control. When the pencil descends it carries with it the tube 25 through the engagement of the chuck 24 with the pencil and bearing against the nipple threaded in the tube. The downward movement of the tube 25, relative to the tube 29, compresses the spring 31. When the pencil comes in contact with the work 32, the regulating device arrests the descending movement and the rack 33 is moved back slightly by the reversal of the pinion 34. This backward movement of the rack releases the pencil from the downward thrust, thereby releasing the spring 31 so that it lifts the pencil slightly from the work 32 to provide the required space for the formation oi the welding arc, This operation of the rack-bar is repeated until the pencil is con-- sumed.

As shown in Fig. 1, means are provided for detachably mounting the apparatus on the under side 01' the regulating device. Secured to the base of the regulating device is the flanged annular member 50, open at one side to admit the ring 51 integral with the upper ends of the standards 52 detachably secured at their lower ends to the housing 30. A set-screw 53 passing through the annular member 50 and impinging on the ring 51 holds the parts together. By loosening the setscrew the apparatus can be dismounted. With the standards removed, a handle 12, as shown in Fig. 3, may be provided. This figure is a diagrammatic illustration of the hand-tool, As shown, the magnetic tube 2 corresponds to the tube 23 of Fig. 1. On the upper end of the tube 2 is secured the handle 12, which also provides a casing for the current supply cable 13 leading to the tube. A metal rod 9 is adiustably held within the tube 2 by the set-screw 11. On the lower end 01' the rod is the socket 8 in which is seated the upper end of the graphite pencil 1. On the lower end of the tube 2 is secured the refractory nipple 7,

a through which extends the pencil 1. The pencil and nipple are slightly separated to permit the discharge oi. gases introduced into the tube by the pipe 14. The apparatus, held by the handle 12, is positioned with relation to the work 6 so that the are 5 is properly centeredr With the circuit closed through the magnetizing coil 3, the magnetic flux 4 is established between the electrode and the work, around the are 5. As the pencil is consumed, by manipulating the set screw 11 the pencil can be fed from the tube to meet the requirements.

I claim:

1. An apparatus for electric arc welding comprising a magnetizing coil, a first magnetic tube surrounded by the said'coil, a second tube contained in the first tube, a third tube contained in the second tube, a graphite pencil in the interior of the third tube, split elements at the lower end of the third tube, said elements exerting an elastic tightening on the graphite pencil, a guide member closing at the base the second and the third tube and traversed by the graphite pencil, a push member on the upper part 01' the graphite pencil, a rack integral with the said push member, a pinion engaging with the said rack, a shaft carrying the said pinion, a regulating device controlling the said shait and subjected to the influence of the electric characteristics of the arc.

2. An apparatus for electric arc welding comprising a magnetizing coil, a first magnetic tube in the second tube, a graphite pencil in the interior oi the third tube, split elements at the lower end of the third tube, the said elements exerting an elastic tightening on the graphite pencil, a guide member closing at the base the second and the third tube and traversed by the graphite pencil, a push member on the upper part or the graphite pencil, a rack integral with the said push member, a pinion engaging with the said rack, a shaft carrying the said pinion, a regulating device controlling the said shaft and subjected to the influence of the electric characteristics of the are, a. plug closing the upper part oi. the second tube, a first spring bearing between the said plug and a shoulder of the third tube and a second spring bearing between the said plug and a member integral with the magnetizing coil.

ROBERT SARAZIN. 

